A Growing Field
Marine ecosystems can be a challenge to study due to the hazard and expense of boat-based operations, remoteness, and the need for a high level of training to work at sea. The use of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) in marine science is growing, thanks to their potential to replace or supplement portions of boat-based work.
This website describes UAS basics and regulations, and provides information about current scientific investigations using UASs. Enjoy!
What are Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs)?
Sometimes called drones, UASs are aircraft without a human pilot onboard. Instead, an operator on the ground controls the aircraft remotely.
​
UASs are available in a variety of sizes, shapes and styles that can meet different needs.
​
Onboard sensors can also be customized beyond the standard cameras available on most recreational out-of-the-box models. Sensors that measure light, heat, chemistry, magnetic energy, and sound are available.
​
Learn more about how UASs work at DroneZon.
UAS Rules, Regulations & Guidance
FAA Regulations
The Federal Aviation Administration is the regulating body for UAS use in the United States. Their rules for small (>55 lbs.) UASs include registration requirements and Remote Pilot Certification, ​as well as flight constraints like maintaining visual-line-of-sight, staying below 400 ft., and avoiding off-limits areas.
Helpful Tips
Know Before You Fly provides a wealth of knowledge and guidance for recreational users, business users and public entities. Their website includes helpful flight maps, educational resources and a news reel that shares the latest research and uses of UAS technology.
Best Practices in Marine Uses
Specific to scientific marine uses, NOAA provides guidance on best UAS practices that minimize impacts to wildlife. For some studies, special permits may be required under the Marine Mammal Protection Act or the Endangered Species Act. Their website provides permitting information as well as links to NOAA studies that utilize UASs.
Current Research
Check out how scientists are tracking whale health by autonomously sampling their blow spray; monitoring eelgrass beds in Canada; Tracking illegal fishing; conducting shark research and conservation; Studying wildlife, debris, and land change projects at Duke University; monitoring seabird populations and autonomously water sampling.
​
​